A Bit of Cartagena History…Cartagena was founded in 1533 by Spanish Conquistador Explorers led by Pedro de Heredia. Within months of their landing, they decimated and enslaved the indigenous native Calamari tribe of Indians and became the masters of this very important port. It became the treasure city of the Spanish and served as the primary transfer/shipment port for precious gems and minerals destined for the coffers of King Ferdinand. When many Spanish Galleons, laden with riches from the new world, were attacked and seized by Pirates and English war ships, King Ferdinand ordered the city to be fortified to protect Spain's treasures. The fortress that remains in existence today, Castillo San Felipe, took nearly 200 years and 245 tons of gold to build.
Cartagena suffered invasions and sackings in 1544, 1560 and in 1586 (by Sir Francis Drake). In 1741, the English Commander, Edward Vernon, with 186 ships and 25,000 men laid a three month siege to the city. He was so certain that Cartagena would be his that he had a medal struck commemorating his expected victory. However, the Spaniards, outnumbered seven to one, held firm behind their walls and fortresses. The smaller cannons on the English ships were able to bombard the outer walls of the fortress but could not reach the distances and heights of Castillo San Felipe. The castle's cannons on the other hand, made prime targets of the English ships whenever they ventured within range. Vernon lost over 70 ships and 10,000 men in his ill-fated attempt to take the city. Those of you who have been following our blogs may remember that Vernon also took control of Fort San Lorenzo in Panamá.
Paz y Amor!
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